| 3SR |
self-sustained sequence replication (trade name) |
| 7S 3' |
terminator sequence of the alpha-subunit of the soybean
beta-conglycinin gene |
| 12:0 ACP |
acyl-carrier protein (ACP) binding to laurate (12:0) |
| aad |
3''(9)-O-aminoglycoside adenylyltransferase; conveys (bacterial)
resistance to streptomycin and spectinomycin |
| accd |
aminocyclopropane carboxylate deaminase |
| AccS |
aminocyclopropane carboxylate (ACC) synthase (e.g. Acc2) |
| ACNFP |
Advisory Committee on Novel Foods and Processes |
| ACP |
acyl-carrier protein, see 12:0 ACP |
| AFLP |
Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism |
| als |
acetolactate synthase (sulfonylurea tolerance) |
| 'altered' gene |
changes in the gene result in changes in amino acid sequence |
| AMFEP |
Association of Manufacturers of Fermentation Enzyme Products |
| ampR |
ampicillin resistance gene (see bla) |
| AMV-5'-utr |
5' leader sequence of the RNA4 transcript of alfalfa mosaic virus |
| A. niger |
Aspergillus niger |
| APH(3')II |
aminoglycoside-3'-phosphotransferase ( NptII) |
| aphIV |
hygromycin-phosphotransferase |
| APHIS |
Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service |
| ArabSSU1A |
small subunit gene of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase from
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| BAG |
Bundesamt für Gesundheit (Switzerland) |
| bar |
gene coding for a phosphinothricin acetyltransferase from
Streptomyces hygroscopicus; homologoue to pat |
| barnase |
ribonuclease from Bacillus amyloliquefaciens |
| barstar |
specific inhibitor of the barnase from Bacillus
amyloliquefaciens |
| BATS |
Centre for Biosafety Research and Assessment of Technology
Impacts |
| BgVV |
Bundesinstitut für gesundheitlichen Verbraucherschutz und
Veterinärmedizin |
| bla |
beta-lactamase gene; conveys resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics
(e.g. penicillin, ampicillin); from Tn3 (see also ampR) |
| Bt |
Bacillus thuringiensis |
| BXN |
bromoxinyl-resistance gene (nitrilase) from Klebsiella |
| Cab22R 5' utr |
5' untranslated region from the Cab22R gene from Petunia
hybrida |
| CaMV 35S promoter |
see P-35S |
| cat |
chloramphenicol transacetylase (e.g. from Staphylococcus
aureus) |
| CMV |
cucumber mosaic virus |
| CMV-5' utr |
5'-untranslated region from CMV RNA3 |
| CMV/WMV2 CP |
chimaeric CP consisting mainly of WMV2 CP sequences but with the
N-terminus of CMV CP |
| CoPB |
Colorado potato beetle (Coleoptera) |
| CP |
viral coat protein |
| CP4 epsps |
5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase, here from
Agrobacterium sp. (strain CP4) |
| cry |
&lambda-endotoxin from Bacillus thuringiensis; class of
genes providing insect resistance to certain specific insects;
the active form of the toxin binds to cells in the insect gut,
ultimately leading to cell lysis and insect death |
| ctp |
sequence coding for a chloroplast transit peptide (CTP) |
| CUP1 |
yeast gene involved in copper resistance |
| d-P-35S |
duplicated version of P-35S |
| d-P-nos |
duplicated version of P-nos |
| DMIF-GEN |
development of methods to identify foods produced by means of
genetic engineering (EC project) |
| docket-# |
document number (according to www-site:
http://www.aphis.usda.gov/) |
| DOE |
Department Of The Environment (UK) |
| dr |
developmentally regulated |
| E9 3' |
3' sequence of small subunit of rbcS (ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate
carboxylase) E9 gene (from pea) |
| e-P-35S |
enhanced version of P-35S |
| ECB |
European corn borer (Lepidoptera) |
| EPA |
(US) Environmental Protection Agency |
| epsps |
see CP4 epsps |
| FAC |
Food Advisory Committee (UK) |
| FDA |
(US) Food and Drug Administration |
| FDHC |
Food Directorate Health Canada |
| fwt |
fresh weight |
| gent |
gene isolated from E. coli which conveys resistance to the
antibiotic gentamycin |
| GIBiP |
Green Industry Biotechnology Platform |
| Gly, gly |
Glyphosate (active compound in the herbicide Roundup™);
inhibits plant 5-enol-pyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase
(EPSPS), which is essential for the synthesis of aromatic amino
acids in plant cells |
| GMAC |
Genetic Manipulation Advisory Committee |
| GMO |
genetically modified organism |
| gox |
glyphosate oxidoreductase |
| gus |
beta-glucuronidase, marker gene |
| HC |
Health Canada |
| HT |
herbicide tolerant |
| I9 |
intron 9 from corn PEPC gene |
| ID |
identification number (designated to the approval of a GMO product
in a single country) |
| IR |
insect resistant |
| IVS2/IVS6 |
intron(s) from maize alcohol dehydrogenase 1S gene |
| K. lactis |
Kluyveromyces lactis |
| lacZ |
beta-galactosidase gene |
| LCR |
Ligase Chain Reaction |
| LMBG |
Lebensmittel- und Bedarfsgegenständegsetz |
| LMV |
'Lebensmittelverordnung' (ordinance on food stuffs) |
| M13 gene III |
gene III of bacteriophage M13 |
| MAFF |
Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (UK) |
| m-HSP70-utr |
untranslated leader sequence of HSP70 gene from maize |
| mas 3' |
terminator from mannopine synthase gene from Agrobacterium |
| mas 5' |
promoter from mannopine synthase gene from Agrobacterium |
| MHW |
Ministry of Health and Welfare (Japan) |
| n.d. |
not detected |
| nar |
no approval required |
| NASBA |
Nucleic Acid Sequence-Based Amplification |
| nda |
no data available |
| NFA |
National Food Agency (of Denmark) |
| nptII |
(neomycin-3'-phosphotransferase)
aminoglycoside-3'-phosphotransferase gene from TN5 |
| nos 3' |
terminator of nopaline synthase gene (from Agrobacterium
tumefaciens) |
| nqda |
no quantitative data available |
| ocd |
ornithine cyclodeaminase gene (Agrobacterium Ti plasmid C58) |
| ocs 3' |
octopine synthase gene terminator (Agrobacterium
tumefaciens) |
| P-35S |
(= CaMV 35S promoter) promoter from the cauliflower mosaic
virus |
| P-adh1 |
promoter from yeast alcohol dehydrogenase |
| P-BcNa |
promoter from a napin storage protein gene (BcNa1) from
Brassica rapa |
| P-CDPK |
pollen-specific CDPK (calcium-dependent protein kinase) promoter
(from corn) |
| P-CMoVb |
see P-FMV |
| PCR |
Polymerase Chain Reaction |
| P-E8 |
modified E8 gene promoter from tomatoes; tissue-specific,
developmentally regulated |
| P-EFiαA |
promoter from elongation factor αA |
| P-FMV |
35S promoter from a modified figwort mosaic virus
(caulimovirus group) |
| P-HelSsu |
Rubisco small subunit promoter (from Helianthus annuus) |
| P-nos |
promoter of nopaline synthase gene (from Agrobacterium
tumefaciens) |
| P-PEPC |
green tissue-specific phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPC)
promoter (from corn) |
| P-SsuAra |
ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase (= Rubisco) small subunit
ats1A promoter from Arabidopsis thaliana, (P-SSU1A) |
| P-TA29 |
developmentally regulated promoter from anther-specific TA29 gene
from Nicotiana tabacum |
| P-HSP70-utr |
untranslated leader sequence of Petunia HSP70 gene |
| pat |
gene coding for a phosphinothricin acetyltransferase from
Streptomyces viridochromogenes; homologoue to bar |
| pg |
gene coding for polygalacturonase (PG) |
| PQ |
product quality |
| PRV |
papaya ringspot virus |
| Pt, pt |
phosphinothricin also known as glufosinate ammonium (active
compound in the herbicides Basta®, Ignite®,
Liberty®, Finale™ and others); inhibits glutamine
synthase which is essential for ammonia detoxification in
plant cells |
| PVX-cp |
potato virus X coat protein gene |
| Rikilt-dlo |
State Institute for Quality Control of Agricultural Products
(the Netherlands) |
| RKI |
Robert Koch-Institut (Germany) |
| Rubisco |
ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase |
| S. hygrsoc. |
Streptomyces hygroscopicus |
| S. virdoc. |
Streptomyces viridochromogenes |
| sam-k |
S-adenosylmethionine hydrolase |
| ss |
seed-specific |
| ssp |
sub-species |
| STA2 |
yeast gene with starch degrading activity |
| Su, su |
sulfonylurea herbicides (are e.g. active compound in the herbicide
Staple®) inhibit most variants of aceto lactate synthase
(als), a key enzyme in the biosynthesis of the essential amino
acids Isoleucine, leucine and valine |
| 'synthetic' gene |
modified gene that employs an altered codon usage (not resulting
in changes of the amino acid sequence) |
| T-35S |
terminator from the 35S gene from the cauliflower mosaic virus |
| T-BcNa |
terminator from a napin storage protein gene (BcNa1) from
Brassica rapa |
| T-SSU1A |
3' region of small subunit of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase
(here from Glycine max) |
| tet |
gene isolated from E. coli and Bacillus cereus which
conveys resistance to the antibiotic tetracycline |
| tfp |
total fruit protein |
| tg |
transgene |
| Tn |
transposon |
| tp |
total protein |
| Tr7 3' |
3' regulatory region from Agrobacterium tumefaciens of
the T-DNA transcript 7 |
| ts |
tissue-specifc |
| T-TL-DNA gene 7 |
TL-DNA gene 7 terminator from A. tumefaciens; (probably
identical to Tr7 3') |
| USDA |
United States Department of Agriculture |
| uoh |
(registration of) use of herbicide (at the EPA); see also nar* |
| utr |
untranslated region (non-coding sequence) |
| VR |
virus resistant |
| Western |
Western analysis, immunoblotting |
| WMV |
watermelon mosaic virus |
| ZYMV |
zucchini yellow mosaic virus |
antibodies on hand